instructs

基本解释

• v.教；命令；指导；[计] 指示

词源解说

• 直接源自拉丁语的instructus，意为教。

同根派生

用法辨析

v. (动词)

• instruct的基本意思是“命令,指示”,多指上级对下级发号施令,也可指“教,讲授”,引申可指“通知”。
• instruct多接指人的名词或代词作宾语,作“通知”解时还可接双宾语,其直接宾语可由that从句充当。instruct还可接以带或不带疑问词的动词不定式或wh-从句充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。

英汉例句

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

• The sergeant was instructing the soldiers.
  那位军士在指导士兵。

用作双宾动词: S+～+ n./pron. +that-clause

• My agent has instructed me that you still owe me ￡50.
  我的代理人通知我,你还欠我50英镑。

用作宾补动词: S+～+ n./pron. +to- v

• The union issued an order instructing its members not to work overtime.
  工会发出指示,不让会员超时工作。

S+～+ n./pron. +wh-to- v

• I instructed him how to do the work.
  我教他怎样干这项工作。

S+～+ n./pron. +wh-clause

• We should instruct the passengers what customs regulations are.
  我们应该向乘客说明海关规则是什么。

词组短语

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• instruct soldier 命令士兵
• instruct students 指导学生

～+副词

• instruct diligently 辛勤指导
• instruct formally 正式通知
• instruct tediously 令人厌烦地讲授

～+介词

• instruct sb about sth 就某事给某人以指导; instruct in向…讲授…

短语