听声词典

excuse

E 开头单词

音标发音

  • 英式音标 [ɪk'skjuːz; ek-]
  • 美式音标 [ɪkˈskjuːz]
  • 国际音标 [ik'skju:z, ik'skju:s]
  • 英式发音
  • 美式发音

基本解释

  • n. 借口；理由；拙劣样品；假条
  • v. 原谅；为……申辩；准许……离开；给……免去；作为借口；请求宽恕

词源解说

  • 13世纪晚期进入英语，直接源自古法语的escuser；最初源自古典拉丁语的excusare：ex (出，开） + causa (控告），意为解除控告。

同根派生

  • adj性质的同根词
    excusable：可原谅的；可辩解的；可免除的。
    excusatory：表示歉意的；申辩的。
  • adv性质的同根词
    excusably：可辩解地；可原谅地。

用法辨析

    v. (动词)

  • excuse的基本意思是“原谅”“宽恕”,常指原谅一个人的轻微过失或疏忽,主语通常是人。引申可表示“免除”“为…辩解”等。
  • excuse一般用作及物动词,可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,但不接动词不定式或从句。
  • excuse作“原谅”“宽恕”解时,其宾语后常接介词for表示所原谅的事; 作“免除”解时,可接双宾语,也可与介词from搭配使用; 作“为…辩解”解时,常接反身代词表示“为自己辩解”或“说声对不起”。
  • excuse作“原谅”“免除”解时,可用于被动结构。作“为…辩解”解时不用于被动结构。作“原谅”解以名词或代词作宾语时,可用于被动结构(须以人作主语); 以动名词作宾语时,则不用于被动结构。
  • Excuse me的意思是“对不起”“请原谅〔宽恕〕”,是口语中常用的客套话,可表示对过失或失礼的歉意,也可作为请求对方允许、问事的礼貌用语,还可用以表示婉言谢绝、客气纠正等,常与连词but或情态动词will, would等连用。在美式英语中,Excuse me还可表示“提请对方重复说过的话”,而英式英语中在这种场合下常用I beg your pardon?或Pardon?来表示。

    • n. (名词)

  • excuse用作名词的基本意思是“理由”,常指为自己做了不该做的事或说了不该说的话而寻找“借口”,常译为“托词”。
  • excuse既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词。常用“for sth/ v -ing”作其后置定语,时有也用动词不定式作其定语。
  • excuse有时还可作“歉意,道歉”解,一般用复数形式。

英汉例句

    用作动词 (v.)

    用作及物动词: S+～+ n./pron.

  • I will excuse you this time.
    这次我原谅你。

    • S+～+ v -ing

  • We will never excuse taking innocent hostages.
    我们绝不原谅扣押无辜作为人质的行为。

    • 用作双宾动词: S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

  • That will excuse him another trip.
    那将省得他再跑一趟。

    • 用作名词 (n.)

  • His excuse just doesn't add up.
    他的辩解简直没有道理。

词组短语

    用作动词 (v.)

    ～+名词

  • excuse oneself 为自己辩解;替自己辩解;请求准予离开;辩解
  • excuse such a selfish act 原谅如此自私的行为

    • ～+副词

  • excuse graciously 仁慈地宽恕
  • excuse pleasantly 高兴地原谅
  • excuse quietly 秘密地免除
  • excuse really 真正地原谅

英英字典

    剑桥英英字典

  • to forgive someone
  • a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong

    • 柯林斯英英字典

  • kskjuskskjuz
  • If you say that there is no excuse for something, you are emphasizing that it should not happen, or expressing disapproval that it has happened.
  • To excuse someone or excuse their behaviour means to provide reasons for their actions, especially when other people disapprove of these actions.
  • If you excuse someone for something wrong that they have done, you forgive them for it.
  • If someone is excused from a duty or responsibility, they are told that they do not have to carry it out.
  • If you excuse yourself, you use a phrase such as "Excuse me" as a polite way of saying that you are about to leave.
  • You say "Excuse me" when you want to politely get someone's attention, especially when you are about to ask them a question.
  • You use excuse me to apologize to someone when you have disturbed or interrupted them.
  • You use excuse me or a phrase such as if you'll excuse me as a polite way of indicating that you are about to leave or that you are about to stop talking to someone.
  • You use excuse me, but to indicate that you are about to disagree with someone.
  • You say excuse me to apologize when you have bumped into someone, or when you need to move past someone in a crowd.
  • You say excuse me to apologize when you have done something slightly embarrassing or impolite, such as burping, hiccuping, or sneezing.
  • You say "Excuse me?" to show that you want someone to repeat what they have just said.

专业释义

    语言学

  • 辩解

    On the function of subjective magnitude of tone, this paper divided it into 7 categories in accordance with the order from fewer to more:'Compromise','Magnitude Commentary','Excuse','Fit','Accident','Refute', and'Wish'.
    关于单音节语气副词语气的主观量,本文按照语气量值由小到大的顺序,将单音节语气副词分七类进行了介绍：“将就、让步”类、量级评注类、“辩解”类、“契合”类、“意外”类、“反驳”类和“意愿”类。

  • 原谅

    • 能源科学技术

  • 借口